A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine

Ly Vinh Dat; Nguyen Thai Hoc

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13

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A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine

Ly Vinh Dat, Nguyen Thai Hoc

Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 21 August 2021 Accepted: 25 August 2021 Published: 31 August 2021

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Abstract

The linear generator (LG) is integrated into a system that called the free piston linear generator (FPLG). In recent year, free piston engine that is studied by many researchers, has some advantages. Therefore, the application of the line generator in free piston for converting the chemical energy to electrical energy that can be used for plug-in hybrids to extend the range of operations as an alternative energy converter. Therefore, the optimizing of linear generator performance be able to significantly reduce the vehicle's fuel consumption. The parameters in permanent magnet linear electric machine (PMLEM) are designed by Maxwell software and the optimal parameters is carried out via the flux density. To achieve this goal, a linear generator in free piston engine with a flat structure and quasi-Halbach array flux structure was proposed. The simulation of linear generator is performed based on the speed ranges in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) for a mid-size car. In the study, a linear electrical machine (LEM) is designed by Maxwell software with translator that has various diameters. The results show that the suitable parameters for stator and rotor about 7.7 mm and 14 mm, respectively. Because the flux density for this design’s stator and rotor yoke avoids saturation state and generates the highest electrical output compared to the other states. Besides, the paper also examined the power output at different frequencies from 15 Hz to 50 Hz, corresponds to a velocity amplitude of 3.6 m/s to 12 m/s. The simulation result shows that the frequencies from 15Hz to 30 Hz with 4.8 m/s to 7.2 m/s (1200 rpm to 2100 rpm), respectively meets engine speed operation ranges in hybrid vehicle and these frequencies produce the power output that increases considerably about 7.5 kW at 30 Hz.

Published in	International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 3) This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation Engineering Technology and Education
DOI	10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13
Page(s)	78-84
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Free-piston Linear Generator, Free Piston Engine, Maxwell, Permanent Magnet Generators, NEDC Driving Cycle

References

[1]	P. Van Blarigan, “Free-Piston Engine,” In Proceedings of the 2009 DOE Vehicle Technologies Program Annual Merit Review, Arlington, VA, USA; pp. 1–17, 2009.
[2]	F. Rinderknecht and F. A. Kock, “High Efficient Energy Converter for a Hybrid Vehicle Concept-Gas Spring Focused,” In Proceedings of the Symposium EVER12, Monte Carlo, Monaco, 22–24 March 2012.
[3]	F. Kock, J. Haag, H. E. Friedrich, “The Free Piston Linear Generator-Development of an Innovative, Compact, Highly Efficient Range-Extender Module,” SAE Tech. Pap, 2013.
[4]	C. Ferrari, H. E. Friedrich, “Development of a Free-Piston Linear Generator for use in an Extended-Range Electric Vehicle,” In Proceedings of the EVS26 International Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 6–9 May, 2012.
[5]	S. Schneider, F. Rinderknecht and H. E. Friedrich, “Design of Future Concepts and Variants of The Free Piston Linear Generator,” In Proceedings of the 2014 Ninth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER), Monte Carlo, Monaco, pp. 1–8, 25–27 March 2014.
[6]	P. Zheng, A. Chen, P. Thelin, W. M. Arshad and C. Sadarangani, “Research on a Tubular Longitudinal Flux PM Linear Generator Used for Free-Piston Energy Converter,” IEEE Trans. Magn. Vol 43, pp. 447–449, 2007.
[7]	J. Hansson, M. Leksell, “Performance of a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle with a Free-Piston Energy Converter,” In Proceedings of the Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, Windsor, UK, pp. 1–6,.6–8 September 2006.
[8]	J. Hansson, M. Leksell, F. Carlsson and C. Sadarangani, “Operational Strategies for a Free Piston Energy Converter”. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Linear Drives for Industry Applications, Kobe-Awaji, Japan, 25–28 September 2005.
[9]	P. Khayyer, P. Famouri, “Application of Two Fuel Cells in Hybrid Electric Vehicles,” SAE Tech. Pap. 2008.
[10]	E. F. Shoukry, “Numerical Simulation for Parametric Study of a Two-Stroke Compression Ignition Direct Injection Linear Engine,” West Virginia University: Morgantown, WV, USA, 2003.
[11]	E. Shoukry, S. Taylor, N. Clark and P. Famouri, “Numerical Simulation for Parametric Study of a Two-Stroke Direct Injection Linear Engine,” SAE Tech. Pap. 2002.
[12]	J. Xiao, Q. Li, Z. Huang, “Motion Characteristic of a Free Piston Linear Engine,” Appl. Energy, Vol 87, pp. 1288–1294, 2010.
[13]	T. Johnson, “Free-Piston Engine,” Sandia National Laboratories: Albuquerque, NM, USA, 2012.
[14]	Q. F. Li, J. Xiao, Z. Huang, “Flat-type Permanent Magnet Linear alternator: a suitable device for a free piston linear alternator,” J. Zhejiang Univ.-Sci. A (Appl. Phys. Eng.) Vol 10, pp. 345–352, doi: 10.1631/jzus.a0820224, 2009.
[15]	J. Wang, N. J. Baker, “Comparison of Flux Switching and Modulated Pole Linear Machines for use with a Free Piston,” In Proceedings of the IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC), Coeur d’Alene, ID, USA, pp. 642–648, 10–13 May 2015.

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APA Style

Ly Vinh Dat, Nguyen Thai Hoc. (2021). A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 7(3), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13

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ACS Style

Ly Vinh Dat; Nguyen Thai Hoc. A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2021, 7(3), 78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13

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AMA Style

Ly Vinh Dat, Nguyen Thai Hoc. A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2021;7(3):78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13,
  author = {Ly Vinh Dat and Nguyen Thai Hoc},
  title = {A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {78-84},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20210703.13},
  abstract = {The linear generator (LG) is integrated into a system that called the free piston linear generator (FPLG). In recent year, free piston engine that is studied by many researchers, has some advantages. Therefore, the application of the line generator in free piston for converting the chemical energy to electrical energy that can be used for plug-in hybrids to extend the range of operations as an alternative energy converter. Therefore, the optimizing of linear generator performance be able to significantly reduce the vehicle's fuel consumption. The parameters in permanent magnet linear electric machine (PMLEM) are designed by Maxwell software and the optimal parameters is carried out via the flux density. To achieve this goal, a linear generator in free piston engine with a flat structure and quasi-Halbach array flux structure was proposed. The simulation of linear generator is performed based on the speed ranges in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) for a mid-size car. In the study, a linear electrical machine (LEM) is designed by Maxwell software with translator that has various diameters. The results show that the suitable parameters for stator and rotor about 7.7 mm and 14 mm, respectively. Because the flux density for this design’s stator and rotor yoke avoids saturation state and generates the highest electrical output compared to the other states. Besides, the paper also examined the power output at different frequencies from 15 Hz to 50 Hz, corresponds to a velocity amplitude of 3.6 m/s to 12 m/s. The simulation result shows that the frequencies from 15Hz to 30 Hz with 4.8 m/s to 7.2 m/s (1200 rpm to 2100 rpm), respectively meets engine speed operation ranges in hybrid vehicle and these frequencies produce the power output that increases considerably about 7.5 kW at 30 Hz.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine
AU  - Ly Vinh Dat
AU  - Nguyen Thai Hoc
Y1  - 2021/08/31
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 78
EP  - 84
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13
AB  - The linear generator (LG) is integrated into a system that called the free piston linear generator (FPLG). In recent year, free piston engine that is studied by many researchers, has some advantages. Therefore, the application of the line generator in free piston for converting the chemical energy to electrical energy that can be used for plug-in hybrids to extend the range of operations as an alternative energy converter. Therefore, the optimizing of linear generator performance be able to significantly reduce the vehicle's fuel consumption. The parameters in permanent magnet linear electric machine (PMLEM) are designed by Maxwell software and the optimal parameters is carried out via the flux density. To achieve this goal, a linear generator in free piston engine with a flat structure and quasi-Halbach array flux structure was proposed. The simulation of linear generator is performed based on the speed ranges in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) for a mid-size car. In the study, a linear electrical machine (LEM) is designed by Maxwell software with translator that has various diameters. The results show that the suitable parameters for stator and rotor about 7.7 mm and 14 mm, respectively. Because the flux density for this design’s stator and rotor yoke avoids saturation state and generates the highest electrical output compared to the other states. Besides, the paper also examined the power output at different frequencies from 15 Hz to 50 Hz, corresponds to a velocity amplitude of 3.6 m/s to 12 m/s. The simulation result shows that the frequencies from 15Hz to 30 Hz with 4.8 m/s to 7.2 m/s (1200 rpm to 2100 rpm), respectively meets engine speed operation ranges in hybrid vehicle and these frequencies produce the power output that increases considerably about 7.5 kW at 30 Hz.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Ly Vinh Dat

Faculty of Vehicle and Energy Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
Nguyen Thai Hoc

Faculty of Automotive Engineering, Ho Chi Minh Industry and Trade College, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

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APA Style

Ly Vinh Dat, Nguyen Thai Hoc. (2021). A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 7(3), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13

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ACS Style

Ly Vinh Dat; Nguyen Thai Hoc. A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2021, 7(3), 78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13

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AMA Style

Ly Vinh Dat, Nguyen Thai Hoc. A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2021;7(3):78-84. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13,
  author = {Ly Vinh Dat and Nguyen Thai Hoc},
  title = {A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {78-84},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20210703.13},
  abstract = {The linear generator (LG) is integrated into a system that called the free piston linear generator (FPLG). In recent year, free piston engine that is studied by many researchers, has some advantages. Therefore, the application of the line generator in free piston for converting the chemical energy to electrical energy that can be used for plug-in hybrids to extend the range of operations as an alternative energy converter. Therefore, the optimizing of linear generator performance be able to significantly reduce the vehicle's fuel consumption. The parameters in permanent magnet linear electric machine (PMLEM) are designed by Maxwell software and the optimal parameters is carried out via the flux density. To achieve this goal, a linear generator in free piston engine with a flat structure and quasi-Halbach array flux structure was proposed. The simulation of linear generator is performed based on the speed ranges in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) for a mid-size car. In the study, a linear electrical machine (LEM) is designed by Maxwell software with translator that has various diameters. The results show that the suitable parameters for stator and rotor about 7.7 mm and 14 mm, respectively. Because the flux density for this design’s stator and rotor yoke avoids saturation state and generates the highest electrical output compared to the other states. Besides, the paper also examined the power output at different frequencies from 15 Hz to 50 Hz, corresponds to a velocity amplitude of 3.6 m/s to 12 m/s. The simulation result shows that the frequencies from 15Hz to 30 Hz with 4.8 m/s to 7.2 m/s (1200 rpm to 2100 rpm), respectively meets engine speed operation ranges in hybrid vehicle and these frequencies produce the power output that increases considerably about 7.5 kW at 30 Hz.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Study on Linear Generator Characteristics in Free Piston Engine
AU  - Ly Vinh Dat
AU  - Nguyen Thai Hoc
Y1  - 2021/08/31
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 78
EP  - 84
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20210703.13
AB  - The linear generator (LG) is integrated into a system that called the free piston linear generator (FPLG). In recent year, free piston engine that is studied by many researchers, has some advantages. Therefore, the application of the line generator in free piston for converting the chemical energy to electrical energy that can be used for plug-in hybrids to extend the range of operations as an alternative energy converter. Therefore, the optimizing of linear generator performance be able to significantly reduce the vehicle's fuel consumption. The parameters in permanent magnet linear electric machine (PMLEM) are designed by Maxwell software and the optimal parameters is carried out via the flux density. To achieve this goal, a linear generator in free piston engine with a flat structure and quasi-Halbach array flux structure was proposed. The simulation of linear generator is performed based on the speed ranges in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) for a mid-size car. In the study, a linear electrical machine (LEM) is designed by Maxwell software with translator that has various diameters. The results show that the suitable parameters for stator and rotor about 7.7 mm and 14 mm, respectively. Because the flux density for this design’s stator and rotor yoke avoids saturation state and generates the highest electrical output compared to the other states. Besides, the paper also examined the power output at different frequencies from 15 Hz to 50 Hz, corresponds to a velocity amplitude of 3.6 m/s to 12 m/s. The simulation result shows that the frequencies from 15Hz to 30 Hz with 4.8 m/s to 7.2 m/s (1200 rpm to 2100 rpm), respectively meets engine speed operation ranges in hybrid vehicle and these frequencies produce the power output that increases considerably about 7.5 kW at 30 Hz.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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